Top Tips For RAM Preparation This Spring

24 August 2026, AU: As joining season will soon be with us, Elders’ Senior Livestock Production Specialist Mark Dearing explains how you can make sure your rams are in tip top condition ready for joining.

The success of any sheep breeding program hinges on the health and vigour of the rams responsible for siring the next generation. Preparation for a successful joining comes down to the inspection of the ‘five Ts’ – teeth, toes, tossle, testicles and torso. 

Teeth 

A ram’s dental health significantly impacts its ability to consume and digest food.  

Dental issues, such as broken or missing teeth, can hinder a ram’s ability to graze efficiently, leading to lower than optimal body condition score and sperm production. 

Toes 

Healthy, mobile rams are essential for effective mating. It’s crucial to examine a ram’s feet for overgrown hooves or signs of lameness. A lame ram can struggle to cover ewes effectively, leading to reduced conception rates. 

Tossle 

Ensuring there is no damage or discharge from the tossle reduces further risk of joining issues. 

Testicles 

Testicles are a critical indicator of a ram’s fertility.  

Assess the size, shape, and consistency of the testicles. Healthy testicles should feel firm and symmetrical. Any abnormalities, lumps, or swellings should be examined by a veterinarian to eliminate possible reproduction diseases like Brucellosis. 

Torso 

The condition of the torso, or body, is paramount to the ram’s performance during joining. Establishing and maintaining good body condition is done by regular checking and a sound nutritional plan. This includes vigilant monitoring and treatment of parasites such as worms, which rams are highly susceptible to. Appropriate vaccinations and possible vitamin/mineral/trace element supplementation are also crucial for optimal sperm production and quality.

The process of sperm production takes around 50 days. Any stress event – disease, parasites, fly strike, nutrition, or psychological – will affect sperm quantity and morphology. Ram preparation should therefore be undertaken two months prior to joining and rams should be managed appropriately.

Also Read: ASSOCHAM to Host 4th Agritech Summit 2026 in New Delhi on October 26

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