High Yielding Paddy Variety: Pusa Basmati 1
30 May 2026, New Delhi: Pusa Basmati 1 is a historic and foundational high yielding paddy variety developed at ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, and released in 1989 by CVRC. It holds the distinguished status of being the first semi-dwarf, high yielding Basmati rice variety ever developed in India. It is recommended for the traditional Basmati growing areas of Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Western UP, Uttarakhand, and Jammu & Kashmir. Pusa Basmati 1 transformed Basmati cultivation by combining the high-yield advantages of semi-dwarf plant architecture with the premium grain quality that makes Basmati rice a globally prized commodity.
India’s First Semi-Dwarf High Yielding Basmati
Before Pusa Basmati 1, traditional tall Basmati varieties were highly susceptible to lodging, which limited fertiliser use and resulted in lower yields. The development of Pusa Basmati 1 as a semi-dwarf variety solved this fundamental limitation. The shorter, sturdier plant architecture could support higher fertiliser input, stand erect until harvest, and deliver significantly improved yields — all while maintaining the premium grain quality that defines true Basmati.
Yield, Maturity, and Grain Quality
Pusa Basmati 1 achieves an average yield of 5.0 to 5.5 t/ha and matures from seed to seed in approximately 135 to 140 days. The grains are long slender with excellent grain quality, soft texture, and pleasant aroma. The cooked rice has a fluffy texture that makes it a preferred choice for traditional Indian rice dishes, biryanis, and pilafs. Pusa Basmati 1 also served as the parent for several important improved varieties, including Improved Pusa Basmati 1 and Pusa Basmati 1637.
Quick Reference Table
| Parameter | Details |
| Variety Name | Pusa Basmati 1 |
| Developed By | ICAR-IARI, New Delhi |
| Year of Release | 1989 (CVRC) |
| Yield | 5.0–5.5 t/ha |
| Days to Maturity | 135–140 days (seed to seed) |
| Plant Type | Semi-dwarf (India’s First High Yielding Basmati) |
| Grain Type | Long Slender |
| Cooking Quality | Excellent — Soft Texture, Pleasant Aroma |
| Historical Significance | India’s First Semi-Dwarf High Yielding Basmati |
| Recommended States | Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Western UP, Uttarakhand, J&K |
Global Agriculture is an independent international media platform covering agri-business, policy, technology, and sustainability. For editorial collaborations, thought leadership, and strategic communications, write
